It looks like a classic induction coil, Ruhmkorf coil. I built a number of these in my mid teens. I had an old ( 1888 ) book on Electricity and Magnetism which gave details.
If you google Ruhmkorf there are some youtube videos featuring such coils.
They were made for medical use, and general amusement ( do not try this at home ).
When I was a student at Southport Tech' 1954 - 1957 there was an enormous Ruhmkorf coil in the physics lab. The coil was about 18 - 24" long and 8" diameter. They need a high current source say 12 v DC. This coil ran off a car battery and the secondary could produce big fat sparks about 8" in length.
This link provides some information:
https://www.britannica.com/technology/Ruhmkorff-coil