After trying to find an actual PET keyboard schematic via google, I eventually found this:
http://www.6502.org/users/andre/peti...ds.html#layout
And looking at Colin's '1 response for both keys in a pair' pdf, it can be seen that the Scan Rows 0 to 9 are only incrementing 2 at a time.
So it does rather look like an issue with bit0 of the BCD code on the 74LS145 is not working.
And there's still a chance of a bad connection to the 6520 PIA (or even that itself to be a 'bit' dodgy!)
'scoping the KEYA line at UC9(74LS145) Pin 15 ('A' input) / the UC7(6520) Pin 2 (PA0), should hopefully see if that is switching OK at both ends and therefore working OK at least - before suspecting/condemning the 74LS145
- Which
unfortunately has open-collector outputs, and the pull-up resistors are on the other side of the keyboard matrix,
So you would need to attach a 100k etc. pull-up to +5V onto 'scope probe connection, to check each of the 74LS145's outputs.
But might as well fix the broken track first, if no doubt that's on a fairly important scan line.